In order to reverse this trend, the government and its partners must put pressure on the rebels – particularly by tackling their sources of income and exercising stronger military deterrence – but also rebuild trust among the populations of peripheral regions. The incapacity of the peacekeepers to change the balance of power on the ground, the failure of the government to respond to the strong community tensions dividing the country and the competition between international mediation initiatives have further contributed to the current stalemate. So far, the government and the UN have focused their efforts on the process of disarmament, demobilisation, reinsertion and repatriation (DDRR) of the rebels, but little progress actually has been made. Middle East & North Africa View ProgramĪs the Central African Republic (CAR) experiences a strong upsurge in violence and armed groups take root in the provinces, the national authorities and their international partners have been unable to halt the escalation and find durable solutions to the crisis.Turkey’s PKK Conflict: A Visual Explainer.The Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict: A Visual Explainer.Conflict in Ukraine’s Donbas: A Visual Explainer.The Climate Factor in Nigeria’s Farmer-Herder Violence.How Climate Change Fuels Deadly Conflict.How Yemen’s War Economy Undermines Peace Efforts.Crime in Pieces: The Effects of Mexico’s “War on Drugs”, Explained.Rough Seas: Tracking Maritime Tensions with Iran. The Covid-19 Pandemic and Deadly Conflict.Appendix A: Map of Central African Republic.Building Sensible Cooperation with Neighbours: The Case of Pastoralism.Rebuilding a Better Relationship between Outlying Areas and Bangui.Tackling the finances of the armed groups.Dealing with the Issue of the Armed Groups.What Kind of Negotiations to Resolve the Crisis?.Lessons Learned from Previous Agreements and Mediation Efforts.Back to the AU – After a Detour through Rome and Brussels.Disagreements on the content and methods of mediation.The African initiative at the heart of discussions.Impasse in the Dialogue between the Government and the Armed Groups.The UN lacks the ability to respond to security challenges.The old demons return: a conflict in which ethnic and commercial interests and questions of indigenous identity all overlap.A battle for the control of territory and the impossibility of reunifying the ex-Seleka.Flare-ups in the Provinces: Numerous “Hot Spots” Develop.A Capital That Is Secure – But Not Really at Peace.The Elections Did Not Resolve the Problems.Diamonds, Gold and War makes palpable the cost of western greed to Africa's native peoples, and explains the rise of the virulent Afrikaner nationalism that eventually took hold in South Africa, with repercussions lasting nearly a century. Based on significant new research and filled with atmospheric detail, it focuses on the fascinating rivalry between diamond titan Cecil Rhodes and Paul Kruger, the Boer leader whose only education was the Bible, who believed the earth was flat, yet who defied Britain's prime ministers and generals for nearly a quarter of a century. Martin Meredith's magisterial account of those years portrays the great wealth and raw power, the deceit, corruption, and racism that lay behind Britain's empire-building in southern Africa. What followed was a titanic struggle between the British and the Boers for control of the land, culminating in the costliest, bloodiest, and most humiliating war that Britain had waged in nearly a century, and in the devastation of the Boer republics. But then prospectors chanced first upon the world's richest deposits of diamonds, and then upon its richest deposits of gold. Southern Africa was once regarded as a worthless jumble of British colonies, Boer republics, and African chiefdoms, a troublesome region of little interest to the outside world.
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